# US Staple Market

> US Staple Market Research Report: By Type (Mini Size, Extra Length, Regular Sized) and By Application (Office/Household, Printing Store, Others) - Forecast to 2035

- **Forecast Period:** 2025 - 2035
- **CAGR:** 4.16%
- **2024:** $ 34.5 Billion
- **2025:** $ 35.94 Billion
- **2035:** $ 54 Billion
- **Key Players:** Nestle (CH), PepsiCo (US), Cargill (US), Unilever (GB), Kraft Heinz (US), General Mills (US), Danone (FR), Mondelez International (US), Archer Daniels Midland (US)

**Report ID:** MRFR/CnM/16954-HCR · **Pages:** 111 · **Author:** Chitranshi Jaiswal · **Last Updated:** May 05, 2026

**URL:** https://www.marketresearchfuture.com/reports/us-staple-market-18482

---

## Market Summary

## **US Staple Market Overview**

The US Staple Market Size was estimated at 23.7 (USD Billion) in 2023. The US Staple Industry is expected to grow from 25.5(USD Billion) in 2024 to 40.5 (USD Billion) by 2035. The US Staple Market CAGR (growth rate) is expected to be around 4.295% during the forecast period (2025 - 2035).

## **Key US Staple Market Trends Highlighted**

The US Staple Market is influenced by several key market drivers, including consumer preference for healthy and organic options. There is a rising demand for whole grains and gluten-free products, reflecting an increase in health-conscious consumers. Moreover, the convenience of ready-to-eat meals continues to drive sales in the staple food category, as busy lifestyles make accessible meal solutions essential for households. In recent times, the emphasis on sustainability has become a significant trend, with many consumers looking for environmentally friendly packaging and sourcing practices.

Brands that promote local and organic sourcing are gaining traction, aligning with the growing farm-to-table movement.This change is also seen in government initiatives aiming to strengthen local agriculture and food systems, which support the demand for local staple products. Opportunities in the US Staple Market can be found in expanding product lines to include ethnic and international flavors. As the population becomes more diverse, there is an emerging market for staples that cater to different culinary traditions. Additionally, advancements in food technology may lead to innovative products that enhance nutrition while maintaining convenience.

The trend towards e-commerce is also reshaping how consumers purchase staple goods, with online platforms becoming increasingly popular for grocery shopping.Overall, the US Staple Market is evolving, driven by consumer preferences, sustainability efforts, and technological advancements, which present both challenges and opportunities for players within this sector.

Source: Primary Research, Secondary Research, _Market Research Future_ Database and Analyst Review

## **US Staple Market Drivers**

Growing Consumer Demand for Convenience Foods

The US Staple Market Industry is witnessing a significant shift towards convenience foods, driven by the fast-paced lifestyle of American consumers. According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), approximately 70% of American households have reported an increase in their reliance on staple foods that require minimal preparation. This trend is partially fueled by the rising number of single-person households, which has increased by 10% in the last decade.Major grocery chains, such as Walmart and Kroger, are adapting their product lines to meet this growing demand by offering a greater variety of ready-to-eat and easy-to-prepare staple products.

As more consumers prioritize convenience, the US Staple Market Industry is set to experience sustained growth, aligning with changing consumption patterns.

Increased Health Consciousness Among Consumers

The awareness of health and nutrition is increasing in the US, which is positively impacting the US Staple Market Industry. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports that about 40% of adults in the US are now focused on improving their dietary habits. This growing trend encourages consumers to select healthier staples, such as whole grains and organic products.

As a result, retailers are expanding their offerings in this area, with Whole Foods and Trader Joe's exemplifying this movement by significantly increasing their organic staple food sections.The emphasis on healthy eating habits is expected to play a central role in the evolution of the US Staple Market Industry in the coming years.

Technological Advancements in Food Processing

Advancements in food processing technology are set to reshape the US Staple Market Industry significantly. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has noted that new food preservation techniques, such as high-pressure processing and advanced freeze-drying, have the potential to extend shelf life while enhancing nutrient retention.

Such advancements not only improve product quality but also reduce waste, which is a crucial consideration as more Americans are focusing on sustainable consumption.Companies like Nestle and General Mills are leading the way in adopting these methods, paving the path for newer products that cater to both quality and sustainability, thus enhancing the overall market growth potential.

## **US Staple Market Segment Insights:**

### **Staple Market Type Insights**

The US Staple Market is characterized by its diverse Type segment, which consists of Mini Size, Extra Length, and Regular Sized staples. This segmentation plays a crucial role in meeting varied consumer needs across different applications in the education, office, and industrial sectors. Mini Size staples cater to niche requirements, such as small-scale projects or specialized uses, appealing particularly to consumers who prioritize portability and ease of use. On the other hand, Extra Length staples address the demands of users requiring enhanced binding capacity for thicker documents or materials.

Regular Sized staples dominate the market due to their versatility and adaptability in everyday tasks, leading to their widespread adoption in households and workplaces alike. The growth of the US Staple Market is also influenced by increasing trends in office supplies and stationery products, driven partly by the resurgence of in-person meetings and collaborative workspaces. As remote work dynamics evolve, the demand for reliable and efficient stapling solutions continues to rise.

Additionally, sustainability has become an important focus, with consumers increasingly seeking eco-friendly options; this trend is expected to foster innovation within the staples segment, particularly in the formulation of materials used for production. With rapid advancements in manufacturing techniques, the staples segment is well-positioned to adapt to changing market dynamics and consumer preferences. The overall US Staple Market is also poised for growth as businesses and educational institutions increasingly invest in organized document management and effective supply chains. The exploration and development of these Types highlight their importance in fulfilling varied consumer expectations, solidifying their positions within the industry landscape.

As the US Staple Market continues to evolve, understanding these dynamics will be essential for stakeholders aiming to capture market opportunities and align their products with customer demands.

Source: Primary Research, Secondary Research, _Market Research Future_ Database and Analyst Review

### **Staple Market Application Insights**

The Application segment of the US Staple Market has shown significant dynamics, contributing fundamentally to the overall market landscape. Within this segment, the Office/Household category plays a vital role as it caters to a vast consumer base, encompassing both home and workplace needs. This reflects the essential nature of staple products in everyday tasks, promoting productivity and organization. Additionally, the Printing Store sector thrives due to continuous demands for printed materials, linking directly to educational and professional environments.As the shift towards digital solutions continues, the Printing Store segment has adapted by offering specialty services, ensuring its relevance and appeal.

Other applications encompass a variety of uses, underlining the versatility of staple products across different settings. Overall, the US Staple Market segmentation indicates strong growth potential driven by evolving consumer preferences, enhancing the appeal of staple products within American households and businesses alike. This underscores the significant influence the Application segment holds in positioning the market for future expansion.

## **US Staple Market Key Players and Competitive Insights:**

The US Staple Market is characterized by a dynamic landscape where key players continuously innovate and adapt to meet consumer demands while facing various competitive pressures. Factors influencing this market include changing consumer preferences towards healthier options, the rise of e-commerce, and the necessity for sustainability in product sourcing and packaging. As staple goods often form the backbone of everyday consumption, companies engaged in this sector are increasingly focusing on strategic partnerships, product diversification, and efficient distribution channels to secure their market presence.

Competition is prominent not only among established brands but also from emerging players aiming to capture market share through unique value propositions and enhanced consumer engagement strategies.CocaCola has cemented its place in the US Staple Market by leveraging its extensive distribution network and brand recognition to deliver a wide array of beverage products that cater to diverse consumer tastes. The company’s strengths lie in its strong marketing capabilities, innovative product development, and an extensive portfolio that includes both traditional and healthier beverage options.

CocaCola's ability to pivot and adapt to market trends, such as the growing demand for low-sugar and functional drinks, ensures that it remains relevant in a competitive landscape. Furthermore, the company's commitment to sustainability initiatives has resonated with environmentally conscious consumers, enhancing its reputation and loyalty in the market. Its strong partnerships with retailers further reinforce CocaCola’s competitive edge, allowing for improved availability and visibility of products in the highly saturated marketplace.Kroger operates as a prominent player in the US Staple Market, known for its extensive grocery store chain that offers a broad selection of food, beverages, and household essentials.

The company excels through its ability to provide personalized shopping experiences and competitive pricing strategies that cater to the diverse needs of its customer base. Primary strengths for Kroger include its comprehensive private label offerings, which allow for greater control over pricing and quality, and its substantial e-commerce presence that has been bolstered through strategic investments in technology and logistics. Kroger’s commitment to enhancing its supply chain efficiency has set it apart, particularly during times of increased demand. The company has also been active in mergers and acquisitions, expanding its footprint in strategic locations and enhancing its product offerings.

Such initiatives contribute to Kroger’s sustained growth and its capability to remain a key player in the evolving US Staple Market. Overall, the company's focus on customer loyalty programs and sustainability further solidifies its competitive positioning.

## **Key Companies in the US Staple Market Include:**

## **US Staple Market Industry Developments**

Recent developments in the US Staple Market indicate upward trends in valuations for key players like Walmart, Costco Wholesale, and Kroger, driven by increased consumer demand amid economic shifts. In September 2023, PepsiCo announced plans to expand its beverage lines, aiming to cater to evolving consumer preferences for healthier options, while CocaCola continues to innovate with its product range. On the acquisition front, Albertsons engaged in discussions to explore potential mergers, signaling ongoing consolidation in the industry. Furthermore, Target has reported substantial growth due to its e-commerce sector, reflecting a broader shift towards online shopping.

In a noteworthy development from July 2021, Amazon acquired MGM Studios, which is indirectly influencing product placements in consumer goods. The U.S. government’s recent focus on food security policies is also shaping industry dynamics, alongside discussions on supply chain resilience post-pandemic, impacting companies such as Sysco and General Mills. Retail giants like Ahold Delhaize are reevaluating their supply networks to enhance efficiencies. Overall, the US Staple Market remains robust, with significant growth factors driven by innovation, consumer trends, and strategic mergers within the sector.

## **US Staple Market Segmentation Insights**

### **Staple Market Type****Outlook**

### **Staple Market Application****Outlook**

## Market Drivers

### Government Policies and Support

Government policies play a crucial role in shaping the staple market. Initiatives aimed at supporting local agriculture, such as subsidies and grants, are fostering growth within the industry. Recent legislation has allocated over $500 million to enhance food production and distribution systems, which is expected to bolster the staple market. Additionally, programs promoting food security and nutrition are encouraging the consumption of staple foods among low-income populations. These supportive measures may lead to increased stability and growth in the market, as they help ensure a consistent supply of essential food products.

### Rising Consumer Health Awareness

The increasing focus on health and wellness among consumers is driving the staple market. As individuals become more conscious of their dietary choices, there is a noticeable shift towards healthier staple foods. This trend is reflected in the growing demand for whole grains, legumes, and fortified products. According to recent data, the sales of whole grain products have surged by approximately 15% in the last year alone. This heightened awareness is prompting manufacturers to innovate and reformulate their products to meet consumer expectations. The staple market is thus adapting to these changes by offering a wider variety of health-oriented options, which may lead to increased competition and market growth.

### Urbanization and Changing Lifestyles

Urbanization is reshaping consumption patterns in the staple market. As more people migrate to urban areas, their lifestyles and food preferences evolve. Urban consumers tend to favor convenience and ready-to-eat options, which is driving demand for processed staple foods. This shift is evident in the rising sales of instant noodles and pre-[packaged rice](https://www.marketresearchfuture.com/reports/packaged-rice-market-41633) products, which have seen an increase of 10% in urban markets. The staple market is responding by expanding its product lines to cater to these changing preferences, potentially leading to new opportunities for growth and innovation in urban settings.

### Environmental Sustainability Concerns

Concerns regarding environmental sustainability are increasingly influencing the staple market. Consumers are becoming more aware of the ecological impact of food production, prompting a demand for sustainably sourced staples. This trend is reflected in the rising popularity of products that are certified organic or carry eco-labels. The staple market is responding by implementing sustainable farming practices and reducing carbon footprints. For example, companies are investing in [regenerative agriculture](https://www.marketresearchfuture.com/reports/regenerative-agriculture-market-21821) techniques, which could potentially enhance soil health and biodiversity. As sustainability becomes a priority for consumers, the industry may need to adapt further to meet these expectations, leading to a more environmentally conscious market.

### Technological Advancements in Agriculture

Technological innovations in agriculture are significantly impacting the staple market. The adoption of precision farming techniques, biotechnology, and advanced irrigation systems is enhancing crop yields and reducing production costs. For instance, the use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) has been linked to a 20% increase in yield for certain staple crops. These advancements not only improve food security but also contribute to sustainability efforts within the industry. As farmers leverage technology to optimize their operations, the staple market is likely to experience a shift towards more efficient and sustainable practices, ultimately benefiting consumers with better quality products.

## Future Outlook

The staple market is projected to grow at a 4.16% CAGR from 2025 to 2035, driven by increasing consumer demand, innovation in product offerings, and supply chain enhancements.

**New opportunities:**

- Expansion of e-commerce platforms for staple products Development of sustainable packaging solutions Implementation of AI-driven inventory management systems

By 2035, the staple market is expected to achieve robust growth and enhanced competitive positioning.

## Segment Insights

### By Product Type: Cereals (Largest) vs. Pulses (Fastest-Growing)

In the US staple market, the product type segment showcases a diverse distribution of market share among cereals, pulses, grains, flours, and oils. Cereals dominate this segment, holding the largest share due to consistent consumer preference for convenient breakfast options. Their rich variety and nutritional benefits have helped sustain their position. In contrast, pulses are gaining traction, identified as the fastest-growing segment, reflecting a shift towards plant-based diets and healthy snacking alternatives. The growth drivers in this segment are significantly influenced by changing consumer preferences and health trends. Increased awareness of dietary benefits, environmental concerns driving plant-based consumption, and innovative product offerings are propelling pulses' rapid adoption. Meanwhile, cereals continue to innovate, launching healthier formulations to retain market share amidst rising competition from emerging segments like grains and oils.

Cereals (Dominant) vs. Pulses (Emerging)

Cereals are a dominant player in the US staple market, characterized by a wide range of offerings including ready-to-eat and hot cereals. They are favored for their convenience, variety, and nutritional content, making them a staple breakfast choice for many households. Major brands continue to innovate with new flavors and health-focused formulations to meet consumer demand for healthier options. Conversely, pulses represent an emerging segment, capturing attention due to their high protein content and versatility in various cuisines. As more consumers adopt plant-based diets, pulses are being incorporated into a variety of products like snacks and ready-to-eat meals, driving their popularity and demand.

### By Distribution Channel: Supermarkets (Largest) vs. Online Retail (Fastest-Growing)

In the US staple market, [supermarkets](https://www.marketresearchfuture.com/reports/supermarket-market-28474) hold the largest share among distribution channels, accounting for a significant proportion of overall sales. Their extensive reach, combined with the shopping convenience they offer, makes them a preferred choice for consumers looking to purchase staple goods. Online retail, while currently smaller in share, has been gaining traction due to the growing trend of e-commerce and changing consumer behaviors, particularly during and after the pandemic.

Supermarkets: Dominant vs. Online Retail: Emerging

Supermarkets are the dominant force in the US staple market, providing a wide selection of products under one roof, which drives high foot traffic and customer loyalty. Their established supply chains and strategic locations enhance accessibility for consumers. In contrast, online retail represents an emerging distribution channel that appeals to tech-savvy customers seeking convenience and home delivery options. The rise of mobile shopping apps and enhanced logistics has contributed to the rapid growth of online retail, making it a vital player in the staple market landscape, especially among younger consumers.

### By End Use: Household (Largest) vs. Food Service (Fastest-Growing)

In the US staple market, the distribution of end use segments reveals that the Household segment holds the largest share. This segment is characterized by everyday staples used for family consumption, which has remained a strong performer in the market. In contrast, the [Food Service](https://www.marketresearchfuture.com/reports/food-service-market-11595) segment is quickly gaining ground, driven by increasing demand from restaurants and catering services that seek convenient, ready-to-use staples. Growth trends indicate that the Food Service segment is poised for rapid expansion due to rising consumer preference for dining out and delivery services. Meanwhile, the Household segment continues to thrive amid changing lifestyle habits that emphasize home cooking and meal preparation, creating a robust market environment for staple products across both segments.

Household (Dominant) vs. Food Processing (Emerging)

The Household segment plays a dominant role in the US staple market, as it encompasses a wide range of essential food products used daily by consumers. These staples typically include grains, cereals, and canned goods, which are integral to meal preparation in American homes. The segment benefits from consistent demand as families stock their pantries and kitchens with staple items. Meanwhile, the [Food Processing](https://www.marketresearchfuture.com/reports/food-processing-market-8588) segment is emerging as a significant player, with manufacturers increasingly focusing on value-added products that cater to health-conscious consumers and convenience seekers. This segment is innovating with new processing technologies and healthier options, thereby attracting the attention of both retailers and consumers.

### By Packaging Type: Retail Packaging (Largest) vs. Eco-Friendly Packaging (Fastest-Growing)

In the US staple market, Retail Packaging holds the largest share, driven by consumer demand for convenience and brand visibility. This segment includes packaging designed for supermarket shelves, catering to consumers looking for familiar and easily identifiable products. Meanwhile, Eco-Friendly Packaging, although smaller in market share, is rapidly gaining traction as more consumers prioritize sustainability in their purchasing decisions. This shift leads to innovative products that align with environmentally-conscious values.

Retail Packaging: Dominant vs. Eco-Friendly Packaging: Emerging

Retail Packaging has established itself as the dominant force in the US staple market due to its strong branding opportunities and consumer recognition. It encompasses a variety of formats, including boxes, bags, and jars, all tailored for easy access and visual appeal. On the other hand, Eco-Friendly Packaging is emerging as a significant contender, driven by increasing consumer awareness regarding environmental issues and a preference for sustainable options. This trend is prompting manufacturers to innovate in materials and design, thus providing a unique selling proposition to attract eco-conscious consumers.

## Competitive Benchmarking

The staple market exhibits a dynamic competitive landscape characterized by a blend of innovation, strategic partnerships, and a focus on sustainability. Key players such as PepsiCo (US), Kraft Heinz (US), and General Mills (US) are actively shaping the market through diverse strategies. PepsiCo (US) emphasizes product diversification and health-oriented offerings, while Kraft Heinz (US) focuses on enhancing its supply chain efficiency and expanding its organic product lines. General Mills (US) is investing in digital transformation to enhance consumer engagement and streamline operations. Collectively, these strategies foster a competitive environment that prioritizes adaptability and consumer-centric approaches.In terms of business tactics, companies are increasingly localizing manufacturing to reduce supply chain vulnerabilities and enhance responsiveness to market demands. The market structure appears moderately fragmented, with several key players exerting substantial influence. This fragmentation allows for niche players to thrive, while larger corporations leverage economies of scale to optimize their operations and expand their market share.
In October PepsiCo (US) announced a significant investment in sustainable packaging initiatives, aiming to reduce plastic waste by 50% by 2030. This move underscores the company's commitment to environmental sustainability and aligns with growing consumer preferences for eco-friendly products. Such initiatives not only enhance brand loyalty but also position PepsiCo (US) as a leader in sustainability within the staple market.
In September Kraft Heinz (US) launched a new line of plant-based products, responding to the increasing consumer demand for healthier and more sustainable food options. This strategic pivot not only diversifies their product portfolio but also reflects a broader trend towards plant-based diets, potentially capturing a larger market segment. The introduction of these products may enhance Kraft Heinz's (US) competitive positioning in a rapidly evolving market.
In August General Mills (US) expanded its partnership with a leading technology firm to integrate AI-driven analytics into its supply chain operations. This strategic collaboration aims to optimize inventory management and enhance forecasting accuracy, thereby improving operational efficiency. The integration of AI technologies is likely to provide General Mills (US) with a competitive edge in responding to consumer trends and market fluctuations.
As of November the competitive trends in the staple market are increasingly defined by digitalization, sustainability, and technological integration. Strategic alliances are becoming pivotal in shaping the landscape, enabling companies to leverage shared resources and expertise. Looking ahead, competitive differentiation is expected to evolve from traditional price-based competition towards innovation, technology adoption, and supply chain reliability. This shift indicates a growing emphasis on creating value through unique offerings and sustainable practices, which may redefine market dynamics in the coming years.

## Recent News & Developments

Recent developments in the US Staple Market indicate upward trends in valuations for key players like Walmart, Costco Wholesale, and Kroger, driven by increased consumer demand amid economic shifts. In September 2023, PepsiCo announced plans to expand its beverage lines, aiming to cater to evolving consumer preferences for healthier options, while CocaCola continues to innovate with its product range. On the acquisition front, Albertsons engaged in discussions to explore potential mergers, signaling ongoing consolidation in the industry. Furthermore, Target has reported substantial growth due to its e-commerce sector, reflecting a broader shift towards online shopping.

In a noteworthy development from July 2021, Amazon acquired MGM Studios, which is indirectly influencing product placements in consumer goods. The U.S. government’s recent focus on food security policies is also shaping industry dynamics, alongside discussions on supply chain resilience post-pandemic, impacting companies such as Sysco and General Mills. Retail giants like Ahold Delhaize are reevaluating their supply networks to enhance efficiencies. Overall, the US Staple Market remains robust, with significant growth factors driven by innovation, consumer trends, and strategic mergers within the sector.

## Report Scope

| MARKET SIZE 2024 | 34.5(USD Billion) |
| --- | --- |
| MARKET SIZE 2025 | 35.94(USD Billion) |
| MARKET SIZE 2035 | 54.0(USD Billion) |
| COMPOUND ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (CAGR) | 4.16% (2025 - 2035) |
| REPORT COVERAGE | Revenue Forecast, Competitive Landscape, Growth Factors, and Trends |
| BASE YEAR | 2024 |
| Market Forecast Period | 2025 - 2035 |
| Historical Data | 2019 - 2024 |
| Market Forecast Units | USD Billion |
| Key Companies Profiled | Nestle (CH), PepsiCo (US), Cargill (US), Unilever (GB), Kraft Heinz (US), General Mills (US), Danone (FR), Mondelez International (US), Archer Daniels Midland (US) |
| Segments Covered | Type, Application |
| Key Market Opportunities | Adoption of sustainable packaging solutions to meet evolving consumer preferences in the staple market. |
| Key Market Dynamics | Shifts in consumer preferences drive innovation and competition in the staple market, influencing product offerings and pricing strategies. |
| Countries Covered | US |

## Frequently Asked Questions

**Q: What is the current valuation of the US staple market as of 2024?**
A: The US staple market was valued at 36.91 USD Billion in 2024.

**Q: What is the projected market valuation for the US staple market in 2035?**
A: The US staple market is projected to reach 58.79 USD Billion by 2035.

**Q: What is the expected CAGR for the US staple market during the forecast period 2025 - 2035?**
A: The expected CAGR for the US staple market during the forecast period 2025 - 2035 is 4.32%.

**Q: Which companies are considered key players in the US staple market?**
A: Key players in the US staple market include Cargill, Archer Daniels Midland, Bunge Limited, General Mills, Kraft Heinz, Conagra Brands, PepsiCo, Mondelez International, and Tyson Foods.

**Q: What are the main product types in the US staple market and their valuations?**
A: The main product types include Cereals (10.0 - 15.0 USD Billion), Pulses (5.0 - 8.0 USD Billion), Grains (8.0 - 12.0 USD Billion), Flours (7.0 - 10.0 USD Billion), and Oils (6.91 - 13.79 USD Billion).

**Q: How does the distribution channel impact the US staple market?**
A: Distribution channels include Supermarkets (20.0 - 32.0 USD Billion), Online Retail (8.0 - 12.0 USD Billion), and Convenience Stores (4.0 - 6.0 USD Billion), indicating diverse consumer access.

**Q: What are the end-use segments in the US staple market?**
A: End-use segments encompass Household (10.0 - 15.0 USD Billion), Food Service (8.0 - 12.0 USD Billion), and Food Processing (9.0 - 14.0 USD Billion), reflecting varied consumption patterns.

**Q: What packaging types are prevalent in the US staple market?**
A: Prevalent packaging types include Bulk Packaging (8.0 - 12.0 USD Billion), Retail Packaging (10.0 - 15.0 USD Billion), and Eco-Friendly Packaging (5.0 - 10.0 USD Billion).

**Q: How does the growth of online retail affect the US staple market?**
A: Online Retail is projected to grow from 8.0 to 12.0 USD Billion, suggesting a shift in consumer purchasing behavior.

**Q: What trends are anticipated in the US staple market by 2035?**
A: By 2035, the US staple market may experience growth driven by increasing demand for diverse product types and innovative packaging solutions.


---

*This Markdown endpoint is provided for AI systems and LLM crawlers. For the full interactive report visit https://www.marketresearchfuture.com/reports/us-staple-market-18482*
