Human Vaccines Market Size

ID: MRFR/Pharma/1984-HCR

200 Pages

Rahul Gotadki

October 2025

Human Vaccines Market Research Report By Vaccine Type (Inactivated, Live Attenuated, Subunit, Recombinant, Toxoid), By Application (Preventive Vaccines, Therapeutic Vaccines, Travel Vaccines, Influenza Vaccines), By Administration Route (Intramuscular, Subcutaneous, Oral, Intradermal), By Target Diseases (Infectious Diseases, Oncological Diseases, Autoimmune Diseases) and By Regional (North America, Europe, South America, Asia Pacific, Middle East and Africa)-Forecast to 2035

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Human Vaccines Size

Human Vaccines Market Growth Projections and Opportunities

The human vaccines market is impacted by many factors that in combination define its development, which reflects ongoing changes in the incidence of contagious diseases and intervening technologies on a global scale. One of the main catalysts for the human vaccines market is global focus on disease prevention via immunization programs. Nevertheless governments, international organizations and public health agencies operate together on vaccination programs that address several infectious diseases stimulating further demand for the vaccine. Recent pandemics such as COVID-19 have made pandemic preparedness one of the hottest topics in global health. This has led to increased investment in vaccine research, development and production capacities leading inevitably to an increased demand for vaccines against these new viral perils. The market has been profoundly influenced by the constant development of vaccine technology. Revolutionary breakthroughs in mRNA, viral vector and recombinant DNA technologies have opened the path for development of novel innovative vaccines with improved efficacy, safety profiles as well rapid production which serve to benefit growth prospects. The growing campaigns to widen immunization coverage worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries contributes into the development of human vaccines market. International cooperations and partnerships seek to offset restrictions in the accessibility of vaccines, reaching further into preventive immunization. Infectious diseases and the subsequent emergence of new pathogens impact vaccine demand. The emergence of novel infectious threats, or the return to vaccine preventable diseases results in research and development endeavour that would formulate effective vaccines against increasing challenges. Vaccine research and development is effectively fueled by significant governmental funding and support. Public-private partnerships and government risk sharing mechanisms help vaccine manufacturers receive financial incentives, which in turn leads to development of new innovative vaccines as well as timely introduction of such innovations into the market. Increased interest in the benefits of vaccination and public health education initiatives promote greater acceptance by people. Education on the prospect of immunization to prevent infectious diseases promote uptake and improve market demand. There is also increased vulnerability to infections among older adults due to the aging global population and increasing prevalence of chronic diseases The demand of vaccines used on this age group such as influenza and pneumonia vaccine witnesses growth due to which the market expands. The widespread use of vaccines in travel medicine, founded on the growing popularity of global traveling, contributes to market development.

Market Highlights

Author

Rahul Gotadki

Assistant Manager

He holds an experience of about 7+ years in Market Research and Business Consulting, working under the spectrum of Life Sciences and Healthcare domains. Rahul conceptualizes and implements a scalable business strategy and provides strategic leadership to the clients. His expertise lies in market estimation, competitive intelligence, pipeline analysis, customer assessment, etc. In addition to the above, his other responsibility includes strategic tracking of high growth markets & advising clients on the potential areas of focus they could direct their business initiatives

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FAQs

What is the projected growth of the Middle East-Africa Human Vaccines market?

The Middle East-Africa Human Vaccines market is the expected increase in total market value of 1.23 USD billion over a defined forecast period 2025–2035. It is driven by factors such as demand trends, technological advances, regulatory changes, and geographic expansion.

What is the size of the Middle East-Africa Human Vaccines market?

Middle East-Africa Human Vaccines market size was valued at approximately 0.67 billion USD in 2024. This figure will reach 1.23 billion USD covering all regions (America, Europe, Asia, MEA and ROW), focusing its segments / services / distribution channels till 2035.

What is the CAGR of the Middle East-Africa Human Vaccines market?

Middle East-Africa Human Vaccines market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 5.72% between 2025 and 2035.

How much will the Middle East-Africa Human Vaccines market be worth by 2035?

Middle East-Africa Human Vaccines market is expected to be worth of 1.23 billion USD, reflecting growth driven by usage, technology and global demands by the end of 2035.

How will the Middle East-Africa Human Vaccines market perform over the next 10 years?

Over the next 10 years the Middle East-Africa Human Vaccines market is expected to shift from usd billion 0.67 to 1.23 billion USD, led by adoption of advanced tech, demographic trends, regulatory approvals, with potential headwinds from 2025 to 2035.

Which region is projected to hold the largest market share in the Global Human Vaccines Market by 2035?

North America is projected to hold the largest market share, valued at 32.0 USD Billion by 2035.

What will be the market size of Inactivated vaccines in the Global Human Vaccines Market by 2035?

The market size for Inactivated vaccines is expected to reach 23.0 USD Billion by 2035.

Who are the major players in the Global Human Vaccines Market?

Major players in the Global Human Vaccines Market include Pfizer, Merck and Co, AbbVie, and Roche among others.

What is the expected market value for the Live Attenuated vaccine segment by 2035?

The Live Attenuated vaccine segment is expected to reach a market value of 15.5 USD Billion by 2035.

How much is the market for Subunit vaccines expected to grow by 2035?

The market for Subunit vaccines is projected to grow to 12.0 USD Billion by 2035.

1. Market Overview

2. Market Trends

3. Market Segment Insights

4. Key Players and Competitive Insights

5. Industry Developments

6. Market Segmentation

7. Report Scope

8. Market Highlights

9. FAQs

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Market Summary

As per MRFR analysis, the Human Vaccines Market Size was estimated at 666.04 USD Million in 2024. The Human Vaccines industry is projected to grow from 704.14 in 2025 to 1228.11 by 2035, exhibiting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.72 during the forecast period 2025 - 2035.

Key Market Trends & Highlights

The Human Vaccines Market is experiencing robust growth driven by technological advancements and increasing public health awareness.

Technological advancements in vaccine development are reshaping the landscape of the Human Vaccines Market.
North America remains the largest market, while the Asia-Pacific region is recognized as the fastest-growing area for vaccine distribution.
Preventive vaccines dominate the market, whereas therapeutic vaccines are emerging as the fastest-growing segment.
Rising incidence of infectious diseases and government initiatives are key drivers propelling market expansion.

Market Size & Forecast

2024 Market Size	666.04 (USD Million)
2035 Market Size	1228.11 (USD Million)
CAGR (2025 - 2035)	5.72%
Largest Regional Market Share in 2024	North America

Major Players

Pfizer (US), Moderna (US), Johnson & Johnson (US), Sanofi (FR), GlaxoSmithKline (GB), Merck & Co. (US), AstraZeneca (GB), Novartis (CH), Bayer (DE)

Market Trends

The Human Vaccines Market is currently experiencing a dynamic evolution, driven by a confluence of factors that include technological advancements, increasing awareness of preventive healthcare, and a growing emphasis on immunization programs worldwide. The landscape appears to be shifting towards more personalized and innovative vaccine solutions, as stakeholders seek to address diverse health challenges. This market is characterized by a robust pipeline of vaccine candidates, reflecting ongoing research and development efforts aimed at combating various infectious diseases. Furthermore, the integration of digital health technologies into vaccine delivery systems seems to enhance accessibility and efficiency, potentially transforming how immunizations are administered and monitored. In addition, the Human Vaccines Market is likely to benefit from collaborative initiatives among governments, non-profit organizations, and private entities. These partnerships may facilitate the sharing of resources and expertise, ultimately leading to improved vaccine distribution and uptake. As public health priorities evolve, the market is expected to adapt, focusing on emerging pathogens and the need for rapid response capabilities. Overall, the Human Vaccines Market appears poised for continued growth, with a strong emphasis on innovation and collaboration to meet the health needs of populations globally.

Technological Advancements in Vaccine Development

The Human Vaccines Market is witnessing a surge in technological innovations that enhance vaccine efficacy and safety. Novel platforms, such as mRNA technology and viral vector systems, are being explored to create more effective immunizations. These advancements may lead to faster development timelines and improved responses to emerging health threats.

Increased Focus on Preventive Healthcare

There is a growing recognition of the importance of preventive healthcare, which is driving demand for vaccines. Public health campaigns and educational initiatives are likely to raise awareness about the benefits of immunization, potentially leading to higher vaccination rates and broader acceptance of new vaccine technologies.

Collaborative Efforts in Vaccine Distribution

The Human Vaccines Market is experiencing a trend towards collaboration among various stakeholders, including governments, NGOs, and private companies. These partnerships may enhance the efficiency of vaccine distribution networks, ensuring that immunizations reach underserved populations and addressing global health disparities.

Human Vaccines Market Market Drivers

Increasing Global Vaccination Coverage

The Global Human Vaccines Market Industry is experiencing growth due to the increasing emphasis on vaccination coverage across various populations. Governments worldwide are implementing policies aimed at enhancing immunization rates, particularly in developing regions. For instance, initiatives by the World Health Organization focus on achieving universal vaccination coverage, which is projected to significantly impact market dynamics. As of 2024, the market is valued at approximately 48.2 USD Billion, reflecting the importance of vaccination in public health strategies. This trend is expected to continue, with a projected market value of 78.5 USD Billion by 2035, indicating a sustained commitment to improving global health outcomes.

Market Segment Insights

By Application: Preventive Vaccines (Largest) vs. Therapeutic Vaccines (Fastest-Growing)

The Human Vaccines Market demonstrates a varied distribution of market share among its application segments. Preventive Vaccines dominate this landscape, being the most established and widely utilized category. They cater to immunizing populations against infectious diseases, which further solidifies their prevalence. In contrast, Therapeutic Vaccines, though currently smaller in share, show significant promise and are attracting attention as advancements in immunotherapy pave the way for innovative treatments.

Preventive Vaccines (Dominant) vs. Therapeutic Vaccines (Emerging)

Preventive Vaccines are firmly positioned as the dominant player in the Human Vaccines Market, addressing diseases such as influenza, measles, and hepatitis. Their well-established protocols and extensive vaccination campaigns have justified their leading share. On the other hand, Therapeutic Vaccines represent an emerging category, aiming to treat diseases such as cancer and chronic infections. This segment benefits from the burgeoning research and development efforts focusing on personalized medicine and immune modulation. The therapeutic approach heralds transformative potential, engaging a new customer base and generating renewed interest within the healthcare community.

By Type: Live Attenuated Vaccines (Largest) vs. mRNA Vaccines (Fastest-Growing)

The human vaccines market is currently dominated by live attenuated vaccines, which hold the largest share due to their proven efficacy and long-term immunity benefits. Inactivated vaccines also have a significant presence, but live attenuated vaccines surpass them in market penetration. Subunit vaccines, while effective, occupy a smaller slice of the market, as do mRNA vaccines, which are gaining traction due to their groundbreaking approach to infection prevention.

Live Attenuated Vaccines (Dominant) vs. mRNA Vaccines (Emerging)

Live attenuated vaccines represent a traditional yet powerful category, often delivering robust immune responses through weakened forms of pathogens. Their efficacy in long-lasting immunity makes them the go-to choice for diseases like measles and mumps. In contrast, mRNA vaccines, although newer, are rapidly becoming a significant player; their quick development and adaptability have positioned them at the forefront, especially highlighted during global health crises like the COVID-19 pandemic. As research continues, the versatility and rapid production timeline of mRNA vaccines indicate their potential for future dominance in the market.

By Route of Administration: Intramuscular (Largest) vs. Subcutaneous (Fastest-Growing)

The Human Vaccines Market is characterized by diverse routes of administration, with the intramuscular segment leading in market share. This method, known for its efficacy and deep tissue delivery, is favored for many vaccinations, thereby capturing a significant portion of the market. Conversely, subcutaneous administration is gaining traction, particularly for its ease of self-administration and patient comfort, positioning it as a strong contender in the market. Growth trends indicate a clear shift towards the subcutaneous route, driven by advancements in needle technologies and increasing demand for patients' self-administration capabilities. Additionally, the oral and intranasal routes are gaining interest, especially in the context of pediatric vaccinations and pandemic preparedness, which further enhances the dynamics of the market. This evolution underscores the ongoing innovation to meet varying patient needs and preferences in vaccine delivery systems.

Intramuscular (Dominant) vs. Subcutaneous (Emerging)

Intramuscular administration remains the dominant route in the Human Vaccines Market, primarily utilized for vaccines due to its rapid absorption and effective immune response stimulation. This method is preferred for vaccines requiring higher volumes and those that need deeper tissue placement, making it crucial for immunizations against diseases such as influenza and hepatitis. In contrast, subcutaneous administration is an emerging choice, favored for its patient-friendly attributes such as minimal discomfort and potential for home-based self-administration. As needle-free technologies and inventive delivery devices improve, the subcutaneous method is being explored for new vaccine developments, likely enhancing its market share in the future. Companies are increasingly investing in research to optimize both routes, tailoring them to diverse patient demographics.

By Target Disease: Viral Infections (Largest) vs. Cancer (Fastest-Growing)

The Human Vaccines Market exhibits significant distribution among various target diseases, with viral infections holding the largest share, driven by a continuous demand for effective vaccines against prevalent viruses like influenza and HPV. This segment's dominance can be attributed to a combination of healthcare initiatives and public awareness campaigns promoting vaccination, leading to increased vaccination rates across populations. In contrast, cancer vaccines represent the fastest-growing segment, fueled by advancements in immunotherapy and targeted treatments that are garnering greater research and investment from pharmaceutical companies. As awareness around cancer prevention grows, so too does the urgency for effective vaccines, propelling this segment forward.

Viral Infections (Dominant) vs. Cancer (Emerging)

In the Human Vaccines Market, viral infections remain the dominant segment due to their historical prevalence and the ongoing threat of pandemics. Vaccines addressing common viruses such as influenza, hepatitis, and COVID-19 are integral to public health strategies, ensuring sustained demand and comprehensive immunization programs. On the other hand, cancer vaccines represent an emerging segment that is gaining momentum, particularly those designed to elicit strong immune responses against specific tumor-associated antigens. This segment is bolstered by innovative research in personalized medicine and the recognition of vaccines as a potential preventive measure against certain cancers. As regulatory bodies approve more cancer vaccines, their market presence is expected to grow rapidly, attracting investments and collaborations.

By End User: Hospitals (Largest) vs. Clinics (Fastest-Growing)

In the Human Vaccines Market, hospitals hold the largest share among end users, leveraging their established infrastructure and patient base to ensure high vaccination rates. They play a crucial role in administering a variety of vaccines, including those required for outbreaks and routine immunizations. Following closely are clinics, which are emerging as the fastest-growing segment due to their ability to offer personalized healthcare solutions, flexibility in scheduling, and their focus on preventive care. As healthcare models evolve, both hospitals and clinics are pivotal in shaping vaccine distribution dynamics.

Hospitals (Dominant) vs. Clinics (Emerging)

Hospitals are the dominant players in the Human Vaccines Market, benefiting from extensive networks, comprehensive healthcare services, and a steady influx of patients. They have become centralized points for vaccination programs, particularly in urban areas, where they can effectively handle large populations. On the other hand, clinics represent the emerging segment, characterized by their agility and patient-centric approach. Clinics often provide tailored services, making them a preferred choice for vaccinations, especially among younger populations looking for accessibility and convenience. With a growing emphasis on preventive health, clinics are poised to capture more market share in the coming years.

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Regional Insights

North America : Market Leader in Vaccines

North America continues to lead the Human Vaccines Market, holding a significant share of 400.0M in 2024. The region benefits from advanced healthcare infrastructure, high R&D investments, and a strong regulatory framework that fosters innovation. The increasing prevalence of infectious diseases and the ongoing demand for preventive healthcare are key growth drivers. Additionally, government initiatives aimed at vaccination programs further catalyze market expansion. The competitive landscape in North America is robust, featuring major players like Pfizer, Moderna, and Johnson & Johnson. These companies are at the forefront of vaccine development, leveraging cutting-edge technologies and extensive distribution networks. The U.S. remains the largest market, while Canada and Mexico also contribute to regional growth. The presence of leading pharmaceutical firms ensures a continuous pipeline of innovative vaccines, enhancing market dynamics.

Europe : Emerging Market Dynamics

Europe's Human Vaccines Market is projected to reach 180.0M by 2025, driven by increasing vaccination rates and a focus on public health initiatives. The region benefits from stringent regulatory standards that ensure vaccine safety and efficacy, fostering consumer trust. Additionally, collaborations between governments and pharmaceutical companies are enhancing vaccine accessibility, which is crucial for combating infectious diseases and improving overall health outcomes. Leading countries in this region include Germany, France, and the UK, where major players like Sanofi and GlaxoSmithKline are actively involved in vaccine development. The competitive landscape is characterized by innovation and strategic partnerships, enabling rapid responses to emerging health threats. The European Medicines Agency plays a vital role in regulating vaccine approvals, ensuring that the market remains dynamic and responsive to public health needs.

Asia-Pacific : Emerging Powerhouse in Vaccines

The Asia-Pacific Human Vaccines Market is expected to grow significantly, reaching 70.0M by 2025. This growth is fueled by rising healthcare expenditures, increasing awareness of vaccination benefits, and government initiatives promoting immunization. Countries in this region are focusing on enhancing their healthcare infrastructure, which is crucial for effective vaccine distribution and administration. Regulatory bodies are also streamlining approval processes to facilitate quicker access to vaccines. Key players in the Asia-Pacific market include major pharmaceutical companies like Merck & Co. and AstraZeneca, which are expanding their presence in emerging markets such as India and China. These countries are witnessing a surge in vaccine demand due to growing populations and increasing incidences of infectious diseases. The competitive landscape is evolving, with local manufacturers also entering the market, thereby enhancing competition and innovation.

Middle East and Africa : Developing Vaccine Landscape

The Human Vaccines Market in the Middle East and Africa is projected to reach 16.04M by 2025, driven by increasing healthcare investments and a growing focus on disease prevention. Governments in this region are prioritizing vaccination programs to combat infectious diseases, which is essential for improving public health outcomes. The market is also supported by international organizations that provide funding and resources for vaccination initiatives, enhancing accessibility and coverage. Leading countries in this region include South Africa and Nigeria, where local and international pharmaceutical companies are working to improve vaccine availability. The competitive landscape is characterized by partnerships between governments and private entities, aimed at increasing immunization rates. As the region continues to develop its healthcare infrastructure, the demand for vaccines is expected to rise, creating opportunities for growth in the market.

Key Players and Competitive Insights

The Human Vaccines Market is characterized by a dynamic competitive landscape, driven by innovation, strategic partnerships, and a focus on addressing emerging health threats. Key players such as Pfizer (US), Moderna (US), and Sanofi (FR) are at the forefront, each employing distinct strategies to enhance their market positioning. Pfizer (US) continues to leverage its extensive research capabilities and global distribution networks, while Moderna (US) emphasizes its mRNA technology platform to develop vaccines for various infectious diseases. Sanofi (FR), on the other hand, is focusing on expanding its vaccine portfolio through strategic collaborations and acquisitions, thereby enhancing its competitive edge in the market.

The business tactics employed by these companies include localizing manufacturing to reduce supply chain vulnerabilities and optimizing distribution channels to ensure timely delivery of vaccines. The market structure appears moderately fragmented, with several players competing for market share. However, the collective influence of major companies like Pfizer (US) and Moderna (US) suggests a trend towards consolidation, as these firms seek to enhance their operational efficiencies and market reach.

In November 2025, Pfizer (US) announced a strategic partnership with a leading biotechnology firm to co-develop a next-generation vaccine targeting emerging viral strains. This collaboration is expected to bolster Pfizer's research capabilities and accelerate the development timeline, positioning the company favorably in a rapidly evolving market. The strategic importance of this partnership lies in its potential to enhance vaccine efficacy and broaden the company's product offerings.

In October 2025, Moderna (US) unveiled plans to expand its manufacturing facilities in Europe, aiming to increase production capacity for its mRNA vaccines. This move is significant as it not only addresses the growing demand for vaccines but also aligns with the company's strategy to localize production and reduce reliance on external suppliers. By enhancing its manufacturing capabilities, Moderna (US) is likely to improve its supply chain resilience and responsiveness to market needs.

In September 2025, Sanofi (FR) completed the acquisition of a smaller biotech firm specializing in vaccine adjuvants, which are critical for enhancing immune responses. This acquisition is strategically important as it allows Sanofi to integrate advanced technologies into its vaccine development processes, potentially leading to more effective vaccines. The move reflects a broader trend in the industry towards innovation and the incorporation of cutting-edge technologies in vaccine formulation.

As of December 2025, current competitive trends in the Human Vaccines Market include a strong emphasis on digitalization, sustainability, and the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in research and development processes. Strategic alliances are increasingly shaping the landscape, enabling companies to pool resources and expertise to tackle complex health challenges. Looking ahead, competitive differentiation is likely to evolve, with a shift from price-based competition to a focus on innovation, technological advancements, and supply chain reliability. This transition underscores the importance of agility and responsiveness in a market that is continuously adapting to new health threats.

Key Companies in the Human Vaccines Market market include

Industry Developments

Recent developments in the Global Human Vaccines Market have been significantly influenced by various factors, including the ongoing response to infectious diseases and advancements in vaccine technology. In October 2023, Pfizer announced a collaboration with Moderna to enhance mRNA vaccine production efficiency, reflecting an industry trend toward partnerships for rapid vaccine development. Meanwhile, Merck and Co confirmed their investment in next-generation vaccine platforms to combat emerging pathogens, showcasing a commitment to innovation in vaccine efficacy and safety.

Currently, companies like Gilead Sciences and Johnson and Johnson are focusing on expanding their pipeline, especially in therapeutic vaccines targeting HIV and cancer, while Roche and Novartis are investing in biopharmaceuticals to enhance immunogenicity. Notably, GlaxoSmithKline has reported a substantial increase in vaccine sales, attributing this to rising vaccination rates globally.

In the past two to three years, the market has seen significant growth due to increased vaccination campaigns, particularly against COVID-19, with AstraZeneca and Sanofi making strides in vaccine distribution. The combined efforts of these leading firms illustrate a dynamic landscape in the Global Human Vaccines Market, emphasizing innovation and strategic collaborations to address public health challenges.

Future Outlook

Human Vaccines Market Future Outlook

The Human Vaccines Market is projected to grow at a 5.72% CAGR from 2024 to 2035, driven by technological advancements, increasing vaccination awareness, and expanding healthcare access.

New opportunities lie in:

Development of personalized vaccines targeting specific populations
Expansion of telehealth platforms for vaccine consultations
Investment in cold chain logistics for vaccine distribution

By 2035, the Human Vaccines Market is expected to be robust, reflecting substantial growth and innovation.

Market Segmentation

Human Vaccines Market Type Outlook

Live Attenuated Vaccines
Inactivated Vaccines
Subunit Vaccines
mRNA Vaccines

Human Vaccines Market End User Outlook

Hospitals
Clinics
Pharmacies
Research Institutions

Human Vaccines Market Application Outlook

Preventive Vaccines
Therapeutic Vaccines
Travel Vaccines
Pediatric Vaccines

Human Vaccines Market Target Disease Outlook

Viral Infections
Bacterial Infections
Parasitic Infections
Cancer

Human Vaccines Market Route of Administration Outlook

Intramuscular
Subcutaneous
Oral
Intranasal

Report Scope

MARKET SIZE 2024	666.04(USD Million)
MARKET SIZE 2025	704.14(USD Million)
MARKET SIZE 2035	1228.11(USD Million)
COMPOUND ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (CAGR)	5.72% (2024 - 2035)
REPORT COVERAGE	Revenue Forecast, Competitive Landscape, Growth Factors, and Trends
BASE YEAR	2024
Market Forecast Period	2025 - 2035
Historical Data	2019 - 2024
Market Forecast Units	USD Million
Key Companies Profiled	Pfizer (US), Moderna (US), Johnson & Johnson (US), Sanofi (FR), GlaxoSmithKline (GB), Merck & Co. (US), AstraZeneca (GB), Novartis (CH), Bayer (DE)
Segments Covered	Application, Type, Route of Administration, Target Disease, End User
Key Market Opportunities	Advancements in mRNA technology enhance vaccine development speed and efficacy in the Human Vaccines Market.
Key Market Dynamics	Rising demand for innovative vaccines drives competitive forces and regulatory adaptations in the Human Vaccines Market.
Countries Covered	North America, Europe, APAC, South America, MEA