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    Debt Security Market

    ID: MRFR/BFSI/21184-HCR
    200 Pages
    Garvit Vyas
    October 2025

    Debt Security Market Research Report By Type of Issuer (Sovereign, Corporate, Financial Institutions, Municipalities), By Debt Instrument Type (Bonds, Commercial Paper, Treasury Bills, Notes), By Maturity (Short-Term (less than 1 year), Medium-Term (1-10 years), Long-Term (over 10 years)), By Currency (USD, EUR, JPY, GBP, CNY), By Investment Grade (Investment Grade, High Yield (Non-Investment Grade)) and By Regional (North America, Europe, South America, Asia Pacific, Middle East and Africa) - Forecast to 2035

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    Debt Security Market Infographic
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    Debt Security Market Summary

    As per MRFR analysis, the Debt Security Market Size was estimated at 153561.84 USD Billion in 2024. The Debt Security industry is projected to grow from 159277.45 USD Billion in 2025 to 229543.04 USD Billion by 2035, exhibiting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3.72 during the forecast period 2025 - 2035.

    Key Market Trends & Highlights

    The Debt Security Market is currently experiencing a transformative phase characterized by innovation and evolving investor preferences.

    • The rise of sustainable debt instruments is reshaping investment strategies, particularly in North America.
    • Technological integration in trading platforms is enhancing efficiency and accessibility across the Asia-Pacific region.
    • The evolving regulatory landscape is influencing market dynamics, prompting adjustments in compliance and reporting standards.
    • Increased demand for safe-haven assets and rising interest rates are driving growth in sovereign bonds, while corporate debt is gaining traction due to changing investor preferences.

    Market Size & Forecast

    2024 Market Size 153561.84 (USD Billion)
    2035 Market Size 229543.04 (USD Billion)
    CAGR (2025 - 2035) 3.72%

    Major Players

    JPMorgan Chase & Co. (US), Goldman Sachs Group Inc. (US), Bank of America Corp. (US), Citigroup Inc. (US), Wells Fargo & Co. (US), Deutsche Bank AG (DE), Barclays PLC (GB), UBS Group AG (CH), HSBC Holdings PLC (GB)

    Debt Security Market Trends

    The Debt Security Market is currently experiencing a dynamic phase characterized by evolving investor preferences and regulatory frameworks. As global economies navigate through various challenges, the demand for debt securities appears to be on the rise. Investors are increasingly seeking stable returns, which debt securities typically provide, especially in uncertain economic climates. This trend is further influenced by the low-interest-rate environment, prompting investors to explore diverse debt instruments to enhance their portfolios. Additionally, the integration of technology in trading and investment processes is reshaping how participants engage with the market, potentially leading to greater efficiency and accessibility. Moreover, the Debt Security Market is witnessing a shift towards sustainable and green bonds, reflecting a growing awareness of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors among investors. This inclination towards responsible investing suggests that market participants are not only focused on financial returns but also on the broader impact of their investments. As the landscape continues to evolve, the Debt Security Market is likely to adapt, presenting new opportunities and challenges for investors and issuers alike. The interplay of these factors indicates a complex yet promising future for the market, where adaptability and innovation will be crucial for success.

    Rise of Sustainable Debt Instruments

    The Debt Security Market is increasingly embracing sustainable debt instruments, such as green bonds. This trend reflects a heightened awareness of environmental and social governance among investors, who are seeking to align their portfolios with responsible investment principles. As more issuers enter this space, the market may witness a diversification of offerings that cater to socially conscious investors.

    Technological Integration in Trading

    The integration of advanced technology in the Debt Security Market is transforming trading practices. Digital platforms and automated trading systems are enhancing efficiency and accessibility for market participants. This technological shift could lead to improved liquidity and reduced transaction costs, thereby attracting a broader range of investors.

    Evolving Regulatory Landscape

    The regulatory environment surrounding the Debt Security Market is undergoing significant changes. New regulations aimed at increasing transparency and protecting investors are being introduced. This evolving landscape may influence market dynamics, as participants adapt to comply with these regulations while seeking opportunities for growth.

    The Global Debt Security Market appears to be experiencing a robust demand as investors increasingly seek stable returns amidst fluctuating economic conditions.

    U.S. Department of the Treasury

    Debt Security Market Drivers

    Increased Demand for Safe-Haven Assets

    The Debt Security Market Industry is currently experiencing a notable increase in demand for safe-haven assets. Investors are gravitating towards debt securities, particularly government bonds, as a means of preserving capital amidst economic uncertainties. This trend is underscored by the fact that, as of October 2025, the issuance of government bonds has surged, reflecting a broader shift in investor sentiment. The allure of fixed-income securities, which offer predictable returns, appears to be particularly appealing in volatile market conditions. Furthermore, the Debt Security Market Industry is witnessing a diversification of investor profiles, with institutional investors and retail clients alike seeking refuge in these instruments. This heightened demand is likely to drive prices up, thereby influencing yields and overall market dynamics.

    Regulatory Changes Impacting Market Dynamics

    The Debt Security Market Industry is currently navigating a landscape marked by evolving regulatory changes. Governments and regulatory bodies are implementing new frameworks aimed at enhancing market stability and investor protection. These changes may include stricter reporting requirements and increased transparency measures, which could influence the behavior of market participants. As of October 2025, the Debt Security Market Industry is adapting to these regulations, which may lead to a consolidation of smaller players and a shift in market share towards larger, more compliant institutions. While these regulatory developments may pose challenges, they also present opportunities for innovation and improved market practices. The ongoing adjustments in the regulatory environment are likely to have a profound impact on the future structure and dynamics of the Debt Security Market Industry.

    Rising Interest Rates and Yield Opportunities

    The Debt Security Market Industry is currently influenced by the rising interest rates, which are creating new yield opportunities for investors. As central banks adjust monetary policies to combat inflation, the yields on newly issued debt securities are becoming more attractive. This shift is prompting investors to reassess their portfolios, with many reallocating funds towards bonds that offer higher returns. The current environment suggests that the Debt Security Market Industry may see an influx of capital as investors seek to capitalize on these favorable yield conditions. Additionally, the competition among issuers to attract investors could lead to innovative debt products, further enriching the market landscape. This dynamic interplay between interest rates and investor behavior is likely to shape the future trajectory of the Debt Security Market Industry.

    Technological Advancements in Trading Platforms

    The Debt Security Market Industry is undergoing a transformation driven by technological advancements in trading platforms. The integration of sophisticated algorithms and artificial intelligence is enhancing the efficiency of trading processes, allowing for quicker execution and better pricing of debt securities. As of October 2025, many market participants are leveraging these technologies to gain a competitive edge, which is likely to increase liquidity in the Debt Security Market Industry. Furthermore, the rise of electronic trading platforms is democratizing access to debt securities, enabling a broader range of investors to participate. This technological evolution not only streamlines operations but also fosters transparency, which is essential for building investor confidence in the Debt Security Market Industry.

    Evolving Investor Preferences Towards ESG Criteria

    The Debt Security Market Industry is witnessing a shift in investor preferences towards Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) criteria. As awareness of sustainability issues grows, investors are increasingly seeking debt securities that align with their values. This trend is reflected in the rising issuance of green bonds and other sustainable debt instruments, which are designed to fund projects with positive environmental impacts. As of October 2025, the market for ESG-compliant debt securities is expanding, indicating a potential long-term shift in investment strategies. The Debt Security Market Industry is likely to adapt to these changing preferences, with issuers responding by developing more sustainable offerings. This evolution could reshape the competitive landscape, as investors prioritize ethical considerations alongside financial returns.

    Market Segment Insights

    By Type of Issuer: Sovereign (Largest) vs. Corporate (Fastest-Growing)

    In the Debt Security Market, the issuer type segment demonstrates a diverse distribution among Sovereign, Corporate, Financial Institutions, and Municipalities. Sovereign debt remains the largest portion of the market, reflecting strong trust in government-backed securities. Meanwhile, Corporate issuers are increasingly popular, showing significant market activity as companies leverage debt for expansion and operational needs. Financial Institutions and Municipalities, while important, play lesser roles in market share but have unique value propositions.

    Sovereign: Largest vs. Corporate: Fastest-Growing

    Sovereign debt securities are typically characterized by their low-risk profiles, attracting conservative investors seeking stable returns. They often have a pivotal role in national financial systems, providing liquidity and a benchmark for other debt instruments. In contrast, Corporate debt has emerged as the fastest-growing segment, driven by an increasing number of companies issuing bonds to finance growth initiatives and capital needs. This shift showcases a trend towards diversification within investment portfolios, as investors seek higher yields amidst a low-interest-rate environment. The allure of Corporate bonds stems from their potential for greater returns while still offering varied levels of risk, making them an attractive option for a wide array of investors.

    By Debt Instrument Type: Bonds (Largest) vs. Treasury Bills (Fastest-Growing)

    In the Debt Security Market, bonds represent the largest share, dominating the portfolio of institutional and retail investors alike. This segment's stability and yielding nature continue to attract a wide range of investors seeking fixed-income solutions. Conversely, Treasury bills, known for their short maturity and low risk, are rapidly gaining traction among investors, particularly in uncertain economic conditions, marking them as the fastest-growing segment within this domain.

    Bonds (Dominant) vs. Treasury Bills (Emerging)

    Bonds are characterized by their long-term investment nature, offering fixed interest payments over extended periods. This segment has consistently appealed to investors searching for reliable income streams, consequently making it a dominant force in the Debt Security Market. On the other hand, Treasury bills offer competitive advantages due to their short maturities and government-backed security. As some investors opt for more liquid and less risky investment options, Treasury bills are emerging as a preferred choice. Their increasing demand reflects a broader trend towards conservative investment strategies in volatile markets.

    By Maturity: Long-Term (Largest) vs. Short-Term (Fastest-Growing)

    In the Debt Security Market, the market share distribution reveals that Long-Term securities dominate, capturing the largest portion due to their steady income generation and appeal to investors seeking long-term investment horizons. Meanwhile, Short-Term securities are on the rise, increasingly favored by investors looking for liquidity and lower risk exposure, carving out a significant share of the market as preferences continue to evolve.

    Debt Securities: Long-Term (Dominant) vs. Short-Term (Emerging)

    Long-Term debt securities, characterized by their extended maturity periods, provide investors with predictable income through fixed interest payments, appealing particularly to those with a lower risk tolerance. Their dominance reflects a robust investor confidence in stability and lower volatility compared to other securities. On the other hand, Short-Term debt securities are emerging rapidly, driven by a growing tendency among investors to prioritize quick returns and gain flexibility in their investment portfolios. This segment's growth is fueled by economic uncertainty, prompting a shift towards instruments that offer faster liquidity options that align with changing market conditions.

    By Currency: USD (Largest) vs. CNY (Fastest-Growing)

    In the Debt Security Market, the currency segment demonstrates a clear distribution of market share among several key players. The USD remains the largest currency, dominating the global market due to its widespread acceptance and robust liquidity. Following the USD, the EUR and JPY hold significant portions of the market, while the GBP and CNY also contribute to the overall landscape. Each currency's position reflects varying economic conditions and investor preferences, shaping the dynamics of debt securities. Recent trends indicate that the CNY is emerging as the fastest-growing currency within this segment, driven by China's expanding economy and increasing foreign investments. Furthermore, global diversification strategies are prompting investors to explore opportunities in other currencies. Innovations in blockchain technology and a shift towards digital currencies are also influencing growth patterns, highlighting the evolving nature of the Debt Security Market.

    USD (Dominant) vs. CNY (Emerging)

    The USD has long been recognized as the dominant currency in debt securities, owing to its role as a global reserve currency and its significant demand among international investors. The stability of the US economy, coupled with the trust and acceptance that the USD garners across markets, solidifies its position. In contrast, the CNY represents an emerging player, gaining traction as China opens its financial markets and encourages foreign participation. The growth of the Belt and Road Initiative and China's economic reforms are enhancing CNY's visibility, making it an attractive option for investors looking for diversification in their portfolios. As these dynamics unfold, the competitive landscape of these currencies within the debt security market is set to evolve.

    By Investment Grade: Investment Grade (Largest) vs. High Yield (Fastest-Growing)

    The Debt Security Market demonstrates a clear distinction between the Investment Grade and High Yield segments, with Investment Grade dominating the market share. This indicates a preference among investors for low-risk securities offering stable returns, underscoring their significant role in the overall debt landscape. In comparison, the High Yield segment, although smaller, is gaining traction as investors increasingly seek higher returns, reflecting a shift towards a more risk-tolerant investment strategy. Over recent years, the Investment Grade segment has benefited from robust economic conditions and favorable interest rate environments, prompting a consistent demand for these securities. Conversely, the High Yield segment is evolving due to shifts in investor appetites and economic factors that encourage risk-taking behavior. As the market adapts to these dynamics, both segments are expected to experience notable shifts in investor interest and capital allocation.

    Investment Grade (Dominant) vs. High Yield (Emerging)

    The Investment Grade segment is characterized by bonds rated as Baa or higher by credit rating agencies, which signifies lower default risk and stable returns. These securities typically attract conservative investors like pension funds and insurance companies, given their safety and reliability. Investment Grade bonds generally offer lower yields compared to their High Yield counterparts, making them less attractive during periods of rising interest rates. In contrast, the High Yield segment, categorized by bonds rated below Baa, presents higher return potential but comes with increased risk. This market is favored by investors willing to accept the possibility of credit defaults for greater income potential, particularly in expanding economies or during favorable market conditions.

    Get more detailed insights about Debt Security Market

    Regional Insights

    North America : Market Leader in Debt Securities

    North America remains the largest market for debt securities, accounting for approximately 45% of the global share. The region's growth is driven by robust economic recovery, low-interest rates, and increasing demand for corporate bonds. Regulatory frameworks, such as the Dodd-Frank Act, have also enhanced market transparency and investor confidence, further fueling growth. The U.S. Federal Reserve's policies continue to influence market dynamics significantly. The United States is the leading country in this sector, with major players like JPMorgan Chase & Co., Goldman Sachs, and Bank of America dominating the landscape. The competitive environment is characterized by a mix of large financial institutions and emerging fintech companies. The presence of these key players ensures a diverse range of debt instruments, catering to various investor needs, thus solidifying North America's position in the global market.

    Europe : Regulatory Frameworks Drive Growth

    Europe is the second-largest market for debt securities, holding around 30% of the global share. The region's growth is propelled by stringent regulatory frameworks and a stable economic environment. The European Central Bank's policies, including low-interest rates and quantitative easing, have stimulated demand for government and corporate bonds. Additionally, the EU's Green Bond Standard is expected to further enhance market attractiveness and sustainability. Leading countries in Europe include Germany, the UK, and France, with significant contributions from Deutsche Bank and Barclays. The competitive landscape is marked by a mix of traditional banks and innovative financial institutions. The presence of these key players fosters a dynamic market, offering a wide array of debt instruments to meet diverse investor preferences. This competitive environment is crucial for maintaining Europe's strong position in The Debt Security.

    Asia-Pacific : Emerging Markets on the Rise

    Asia-Pacific is witnessing rapid growth in the debt security market, accounting for approximately 20% of the global share. The region's expansion is driven by increasing infrastructure investments, urbanization, and a growing middle class. Countries like China and India are leading this growth, supported by favorable government policies and initiatives aimed at boosting capital markets. The region's regulatory environment is also evolving to enhance market efficiency and investor protection. China is the largest market in the region, with significant contributions from local banks and financial institutions. The competitive landscape is characterized by a mix of state-owned enterprises and private firms, creating a diverse range of investment opportunities. Key players such as HSBC and UBS are actively involved in the market, providing various debt instruments to cater to the increasing demand from both domestic and international investors.

    Middle East and Africa : Untapped Potential in Debt Market

    The Middle East and Africa (MEA) region is gradually emerging in the debt security market, holding about 5% of the global share. The growth is primarily driven by increasing government spending on infrastructure and development projects, alongside a rising interest in sustainable finance. Regulatory bodies are also working to enhance market frameworks, which is expected to attract more foreign investment and improve market liquidity. Leading countries in this region include South Africa and the UAE, where local banks are beginning to issue more bonds to finance various projects. The competitive landscape is still developing, with a mix of local and international players entering the market. Key institutions are focusing on creating innovative debt products to meet the evolving needs of investors, thus paving the way for future growth in the MEA debt security market.

    Key Players and Competitive Insights

    The Debt Security Market is currently characterized by a dynamic competitive landscape, driven by factors such as interest rate fluctuations, regulatory changes, and evolving investor preferences. Major players like JPMorgan Chase & Co. (US), Goldman Sachs Group Inc. (US), and Deutsche Bank AG (DE) are strategically positioning themselves to capitalize on these trends. For instance, JPMorgan Chase & Co. (US) has been focusing on enhancing its digital platforms to streamline bond trading processes, thereby improving client engagement and operational efficiency. Similarly, Goldman Sachs Group Inc. (US) is emphasizing its advisory services, particularly in the realm of sustainable debt instruments, which aligns with the growing demand for environmentally responsible investment options. Collectively, these strategies indicate a shift towards innovation and client-centric services, shaping a competitive environment that prioritizes adaptability and responsiveness to market changes.

    In terms of business tactics, companies are increasingly localizing their operations and optimizing supply chains to enhance service delivery and reduce costs. The Debt Security Market appears moderately fragmented, with a mix of large institutions and smaller firms vying for market share. The collective influence of key players is significant, as they not only set industry standards but also drive trends that smaller entities often follow. This competitive structure fosters an environment where agility and strategic foresight are paramount for success.

    In September 2025, Bank of America Corp. (US) announced a partnership with a leading fintech firm to develop a blockchain-based platform for issuing and trading debt securities. This strategic move is likely to enhance transparency and efficiency in the debt issuance process, potentially attracting a new segment of tech-savvy investors. The integration of blockchain technology could also streamline compliance and reporting, positioning Bank of America as a forward-thinking leader in the market.

    In August 2025, Citigroup Inc. (US) launched a new suite of green bonds aimed at financing renewable energy projects. This initiative not only reflects Citigroup's commitment to sustainability but also aligns with the increasing investor appetite for socially responsible investment options. By diversifying its product offerings, Citigroup is likely to strengthen its market position and appeal to a broader range of investors who prioritize environmental impact.

    In July 2025, Deutsche Bank AG (DE) expanded its debt capital markets team in Asia, signaling a strategic focus on regional growth. This expansion is indicative of Deutsche Bank's intent to tap into the burgeoning demand for debt securities in emerging markets. By enhancing its local presence, the bank may improve its competitive edge and better serve clients in a region that is increasingly becoming a focal point for global investment.

    As of October 2025, the Debt Security Market is witnessing trends such as digitalization, sustainability, and the integration of artificial intelligence in trading processes. Strategic alliances among key players are shaping the competitive landscape, fostering innovation and collaboration. Looking ahead, it appears that competitive differentiation will increasingly hinge on technological advancements and supply chain reliability, rather than solely on price. This shift suggests a future where firms that prioritize innovation and sustainable practices will likely emerge as leaders in the Debt Security Market.

    Key Companies in the Debt Security Market market include

    Industry Developments

    • Q2 2025: What's going on in the US Treasury market, and why does it matter? The U.S. Treasury initiated a new buyback program in 2025, allowing dealers to sell off-the-run securities on a predictable basis to help free up their balance sheets, as part of broader efforts to strengthen Treasury market resilience.
    • Q2 2025: What's going on in the US Treasury market, and why does it matter? The Federal Reserve established a standing facility in 2025 to finance Treasury repo with pre-authorized dealers and banks, aiming to support market liquidity and encourage investment in market-making capacity during periods of stress.
    • Q3 2025: Weekly fixed income commentary | 08/11/2025 In August 2025, U.S. investment grade corporate bond issuers priced approximately $40 billion in new deals—the highest in three months—as companies moved to lock in lower borrowing costs amid shifting yields.
    • Q3 2025: Weekly fixed income commentary | 08/11/2025 High yield corporate bond supply surged in August 2025, with more than $11 billion in new issuance—the heaviest since January—reflecting strong demand and tightening spreads in the sector.
    • Q3 2025: Weekly fixed income commentary | 08/11/2025 Emerging markets sovereign debt saw inflows of $386 million in August 2025, supported by reports of a potential peace deal between Russia and Ukraine and broader dollar weakness, leading to tightening spreads and strong performance.
    • Q4 2024: Is 2025 (finally) the Year of the Bond? Convertible bond issuance was strong in 2024, with corporations taking advantage of favorable market conditions and high equity valuations to raise capital through new convertible debt offerings.
    • Q4 2024: Is 2025 (finally) the Year of the Bond? In December 2024, U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities (MBS) holdings by the Federal Reserve shrank by $3.5 billion, while U.S. banks' MBS holdings fell by $7 billion, reflecting ongoing adjustments in institutional portfolios.

    Future Outlook

    Debt Security Market Future Outlook

    The Debt Security Market is projected to grow at a 3.72% CAGR from 2024 to 2035, driven by increasing demand for stable investment options and regulatory support.

    New opportunities lie in:

    • Development of green bonds to attract environmentally conscious investors.
    • Expansion into emerging markets for diversified debt portfolios.
    • Integration of blockchain technology for enhanced transaction transparency.

    By 2035, the Debt Security Market is expected to solidify its position as a cornerstone of global investment strategies.

    Market Segmentation

    Debt Security Market Currency Outlook

    • USD
    • EUR
    • JPY
    • GBP
    • CNY

    Debt Security Market Maturity Outlook

    • Short-Term
    • Medium-Term
    • Long-Term

    Debt Security Market Type of Issuer Outlook

    • Sovereign
    • Corporate
    • Financial Institutions
    • Municipalities

    Debt Security Market Investment Grade Outlook

    • Investment Grade
    • High Yield (Non-Investment Grade)

    Debt Security Market Debt Instrument Type Outlook

    • Bonds
    • Commercial Paper
    • Treasury Bills
    • Notes

    Report Scope

    MARKET SIZE 2024153561.84(USD Billion)
    MARKET SIZE 2025159277.45(USD Billion)
    MARKET SIZE 2035229543.04(USD Billion)
    COMPOUND ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (CAGR)3.72% (2024 - 2035)
    REPORT COVERAGERevenue Forecast, Competitive Landscape, Growth Factors, and Trends
    BASE YEAR2024
    Market Forecast Period2025 - 2035
    Historical Data2019 - 2024
    Market Forecast UnitsUSD Billion
    Key Companies ProfiledMarket analysis in progress
    Segments CoveredMarket segmentation analysis in progress
    Key Market OpportunitiesIntegration of blockchain technology enhances transparency and efficiency in the Debt Security Market.
    Key Market DynamicsRising interest rates are reshaping investor preferences and demand dynamics within the Debt Security Market.
    Countries CoveredNorth America, Europe, APAC, South America, MEA

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    FAQs

    What is the current valuation of the Debt Security Market as of 2024?

    The overall market valuation was 153561.84 USD Billion in 2024.

    What is the projected market valuation for the Debt Security Market in 2035?

    The projected valuation for 2035 is 229543.04 USD Billion.

    What is the expected CAGR for the Debt Security Market during the forecast period 2025 - 2035?

    The expected CAGR for the Debt Security Market during the forecast period 2025 - 2035 is 3.72%.

    Which companies are considered key players in the Debt Security Market?

    Key players in the market include JPMorgan Chase & Co., Goldman Sachs Group Inc., and Bank of America Corp.

    What are the different types of issuers in the Debt Security Market and their valuations?

    The types of issuers include Sovereign (30.0 - 45.0 USD Billion), Corporate (50.0 - 75.0 USD Billion), Financial Institutions (40.0 - 60.0 USD Billion), and Municipalities (33.56 - 49.04 USD Billion).

    What is the valuation range for investment-grade debt securities?

    The valuation range for investment-grade debt securities is between 102500.0 and 155000.0 USD Billion.

    How does the Debt Security Market segment by maturity?

    The Debt Security Market segments by maturity into Short-Term (30600.0 - 46000.0 USD Billion), Medium-Term (61400.0 - 90000.0 USD Billion), and Long-Term (61600.0 - 93543.04 USD Billion).

    What currencies are predominantly used in the Debt Security Market?

    The predominant currencies in the Debt Security Market include USD (61.42 - 92.12 USD Billion), EUR (38.25 - 56.0 USD Billion), and JPY (25.0 - 36.0 USD Billion).

    What is the valuation for high-yield (non-investment grade) debt securities?

    The valuation for high-yield (non-investment grade) debt securities ranges from 51061.84 to 74443.04 USD Billion.

    How do the valuations of corporate debt securities compare to those of financial institutions?

    Corporate debt securities are valued between 50.0 and 75.0 USD Billion, whereas financial institutions are valued between 40.0 and 60.0 USD Billion.

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