Cystic Acne: Businesses Promising Clear Complexions

Overview of the Cystic Acne Market

Dietary impacts, changing lifestyles, and excessive exposure to pollutants are increasing the prevalence of cystic acne. The scope of the global cystic acne market, therefore, is set to increase from USD 3.36 billion in 2024 to USD 5 billion by 2035. The propagation of the industry is expected to occur at a sluggish pace, with a CAGR of 3.68%.

Cystic acne is a rare but severe form of acne. It can be genetic, affecting people in families with a history of cystic acne. Cystic acne starts deep within the skin's pores and forms large, painful lumps filled with dead skin cells and debris.

These lesions may take weeks to rise to the surface, where they can form a whitehead (a raised bump) or a blackhead if the lesion opens up and exposes its contents. These lesions may lead to scarring if not treated properly.

Cystic acne occurs when a person’s body has high levels of male hormones and their oil glands are concentrated on the face. Acute acne is characterized by large, deep nodules that can be painful and sometimes may be popped. 

This type of acne usually appears in people who have begun puberty, typically between the ages of 11 and 13. It is often stubborn because it can continue even after antibiotics are given, sometimes leading to antibiotic resistance.

Acne is caused by changes in sebum production and has been studied for over 2,000 years. It has been treated with antibiotics and other medications since the 1940s. While acne itself does not usually leave permanent scars, dark spots may remain on the skin after it clears up.

The main cause of acne depends on its type. For example, pores can become clogged by dead skin cells, oil, and bacteria, leading to inflammation when pores become congested. Acne can also be caused by genetics, as many cases are inherited from parents or family members with the same condition.

Some people with cystic and nodular acne have a genetic condition called Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), which leads to excess male hormones (androgens). Another cause of acne can be triggered by an increase in the number of cells producing sebum.

Cystic acne is often due to hormonal fluctuations. Excess sebum can block hair follicles. Sebum contains fats, lipids, and proteins that solidify on hair follicles, causing inflammation within the surrounding skin tissues and swelling.

Hormones and enzymes in skin cells cause pores to become clogged with sebum and dead skin cells. The body’s immune system reacts to this foreign material, producing varying degrees of inflammation, which gives rise to pimples that appear red or yellowish.

When bacteria such as Propionibacterium acnes enter the blocked hair follicle, they produce enzymes that break down fatty acids into irritating substances, causing further inflammation.

This is called non-inflammatory acne. Acne bacteria do not have to be continuously present for acne to recur; as long as conditions are favorable, it may occur again.

Regional Analysis

The cystic acne treatment market has seen significant developments across regions since 2024. In North America, dermatology clinics are expanding their acne-specific treatments using hormonal therapy and advanced topical solutions.

Europe has seen growth in OTC and prescription acne products with increased consumer awareness campaigns. In the Asia-Pacific region, urbanization and lifestyle changes have led to higher demand for dermatological treatments, while tele-dermatology services are gaining traction.

South America shows growth in organic and natural skincare solutions targeting acne-prone skin. The Middle East and Africa are witnessing the gradual adoption of professional dermatology services and the increased availability of hormonal acne treatments.